Computer Terminology Notes for Bank Exam Preparation
ALGOL (Algorithmic Language):
A standard procedure oriented language for expressing computational algorithms developed as a result of international cooperation. ALGOL is designed to serve as a means for communicating computational procedures, as well as to facilitate the preparation of such procedure for execution on any computer.
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange):
Byte-oriented coding system based upon the use of seven-bit codes and use primarily as formats for data communication.
ASP:
Application Service Provider(ASP) is delivery of software-based services across a wide area network (WAN) from an independent third party in return for payments.
Artificial Intelligence:
A computer system designed and programmed to perform functions that are normally considered part of human intelligence, such as learning and reasoning capacities.
Assembler:
A computer program that assembles programs written in symbolic coding to produce machine language programs. Assemblers are an important part of the basic software for most computers and can greatly reduce the human effort required to prepare programs.
Bandwidth:
In a network connection, bandwidth is the maximum carrying capacity for data traffic.
BPS (Bits per Second):
Data movement speed on a modem -number of bits transferred per second.
Buffers:
A buffer is a small, high-speed storage element. Types of buffers include input buffers and output buffers. It can be a resumed section of Primary store, and can be located in the input/output device.
Buffer Memory:
This is the internal memory of a microcomputer or word processor. Data is stored in this memory until transferred to permanent store on a disc system. Buffer memories also hold the software used by the system.
Central Processing Unit:
The part of the computer that performs the bulk of data- processing operations is called the central processing unit and is referred to as the CPU. The CPU is made up of three major parts. The register set stores intermediate data used during the execution of the instructions. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs the required micro operations for executing the instructions. The central unit the transfer of information among the registers performs and instructs the ALU as to which helps operation to perform.
CIS (Computer Information System):
A coordinated collection of hardware, software, data and support resources to perform an integrated series of functions that can include inputs, processing, outputs and storage.
Compiler:
A computer program that compiles. Compilers are an important part of the basic software for most computers permitting the use of procedure oriented Languages, which can greatly reduce the human effort, required to prepare computer programs.
CAD (Computer Aided Design):
A software used by architects, craftsmen, engineers and designers to visualize and manipulate the objects they are designing.
Database:
A database is imply a collection of data put together to serve a particular requirement . An example of a database is a card file kept in a school office that contains records of each student in a class- name, address, phone, parent's names, fee details, et.,
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line):
DSL is an Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line modem technology that transport ordinary telephone lines, also known as "twisted copper pairs" into high speed digital lines for "Instant Internet Access". This technology is providing the incredible growth of high-speed data communications and interactive nodes.
EBCDIC ( Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code):
An 8-bit code that represents an extension of 6-bit "BCD" code that was widely used in computers of the first and second generations. EBCDIC can represent upto 256 distinct characters and is the principal code used in any of the current computers.
FTP (File TRansfer Protocol):
The file transfer protocol, or simply FTP, is a tool that allows transfer of files between computers which, in most cases would be connected over the internet. The computer that allows other computers to connect it is know as the host, remote server or simply server, and the computer that connects to it is referred to as the client.
Gateway:
A special-purpose dedicated computer system for exchanging information across incompatible networks that use different protocols.
Megabyte- 1024 kilobytes
Gigabyte- 1024 Megabytes
Kilobyte- 1024 bytes
HTML:
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. A "Markup Language" is a computer language that describes how a page should be formatted. All web browsers are able to understand and interpret this computer language. By adding HTML tags, one can create headlines, add colours, create lists, change fonts, add images and add links to other web sites.
IDP(Integrated Data Processing):
Data processing by a system that coordinates a number of previously unconnected processes in order to improve overall efficiency by removing of eliminating redundant data entry or processing operations.
Interpreter:
Language translator that converts source code to machine code and executes it immediately, statement by statement.
ISP (Internet Services Provider):
An ISP is a company, which provides internet access to users on a pay-per-use basis. An ISP can provide access to the Internet through dial-up service (ordinary telephone lines or ISDN);DSL leased lines or cable connection.
Natural Language Progressing:
Use of command language that closely resembles English syntax and style to direct processing of a computer. Use of non-structured commands.
Object Program:
A program expressed in an object Language (e.g., a machine language program that can be directly executed by a particular computer).
Operating System:
Operating System is a master control program (a software) that manages the computer's internal functions and provides a means to control the computer's operations. It is a bridge between the computer hardware and the applications using the system. The operating system must be in place before you can run an application software.
Procedure- Oriented Language:
A language designed to permit convenient specification, in time of procedural of algorithmic steps, of data processing or computational processors. examples include ALGOL, COBOL and FORTRAN.
Ram(Random Access Memory):
In Random Access Memory (RAM) the memory cells can be accessed for information transfer from any desired random location. That is, the process of locating a word in memory is the same and requires an equal amount of time no matter thus the name 'random access'.
VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration):
Design and production techniques to place thousands of electronic components within small integrated circuit chips to reduce their sizes and costs.
Important Links:
ALGOL (Algorithmic Language):
A standard procedure oriented language for expressing computational algorithms developed as a result of international cooperation. ALGOL is designed to serve as a means for communicating computational procedures, as well as to facilitate the preparation of such procedure for execution on any computer.
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange):
Byte-oriented coding system based upon the use of seven-bit codes and use primarily as formats for data communication.
ASP:Application Service Provider(ASP) is delivery of software-based services across a wide area network (WAN) from an independent third party in return for payments.
Artificial Intelligence:
A computer system designed and programmed to perform functions that are normally considered part of human intelligence, such as learning and reasoning capacities.
Assembler:
A computer program that assembles programs written in symbolic coding to produce machine language programs. Assemblers are an important part of the basic software for most computers and can greatly reduce the human effort required to prepare programs.
Bandwidth:
In a network connection, bandwidth is the maximum carrying capacity for data traffic.
BPS (Bits per Second):
Data movement speed on a modem -number of bits transferred per second.
Buffers:
A buffer is a small, high-speed storage element. Types of buffers include input buffers and output buffers. It can be a resumed section of Primary store, and can be located in the input/output device.
This is the internal memory of a microcomputer or word processor. Data is stored in this memory until transferred to permanent store on a disc system. Buffer memories also hold the software used by the system.
Central Processing Unit:
The part of the computer that performs the bulk of data- processing operations is called the central processing unit and is referred to as the CPU. The CPU is made up of three major parts. The register set stores intermediate data used during the execution of the instructions. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs the required micro operations for executing the instructions. The central unit the transfer of information among the registers performs and instructs the ALU as to which helps operation to perform.
CIS (Computer Information System):
A coordinated collection of hardware, software, data and support resources to perform an integrated series of functions that can include inputs, processing, outputs and storage.
Compiler:A computer program that compiles. Compilers are an important part of the basic software for most computers permitting the use of procedure oriented Languages, which can greatly reduce the human effort, required to prepare computer programs.
CAD (Computer Aided Design):
A software used by architects, craftsmen, engineers and designers to visualize and manipulate the objects they are designing.
Database:
A database is imply a collection of data put together to serve a particular requirement . An example of a database is a card file kept in a school office that contains records of each student in a class- name, address, phone, parent's names, fee details, et.,
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line):
DSL is an Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line modem technology that transport ordinary telephone lines, also known as "twisted copper pairs" into high speed digital lines for "Instant Internet Access". This technology is providing the incredible growth of high-speed data communications and interactive nodes.
EBCDIC ( Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code):
An 8-bit code that represents an extension of 6-bit "BCD" code that was widely used in computers of the first and second generations. EBCDIC can represent upto 256 distinct characters and is the principal code used in any of the current computers.
FTP (File TRansfer Protocol):
The file transfer protocol, or simply FTP, is a tool that allows transfer of files between computers which, in most cases would be connected over the internet. The computer that allows other computers to connect it is know as the host, remote server or simply server, and the computer that connects to it is referred to as the client.
Gateway:
A special-purpose dedicated computer system for exchanging information across incompatible networks that use different protocols.
Megabyte- 1024 kilobytes
Gigabyte- 1024 Megabytes
Kilobyte- 1024 bytes
HTML:
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. A "Markup Language" is a computer language that describes how a page should be formatted. All web browsers are able to understand and interpret this computer language. By adding HTML tags, one can create headlines, add colours, create lists, change fonts, add images and add links to other web sites.
IDP(Integrated Data Processing):
Data processing by a system that coordinates a number of previously unconnected processes in order to improve overall efficiency by removing of eliminating redundant data entry or processing operations.
Interpreter:
Language translator that converts source code to machine code and executes it immediately, statement by statement.
ISP (Internet Services Provider):
An ISP is a company, which provides internet access to users on a pay-per-use basis. An ISP can provide access to the Internet through dial-up service (ordinary telephone lines or ISDN);DSL leased lines or cable connection.
Natural Language Progressing:
Use of command language that closely resembles English syntax and style to direct processing of a computer. Use of non-structured commands.
Object Program:
A program expressed in an object Language (e.g., a machine language program that can be directly executed by a particular computer).
Operating System:Operating System is a master control program (a software) that manages the computer's internal functions and provides a means to control the computer's operations. It is a bridge between the computer hardware and the applications using the system. The operating system must be in place before you can run an application software.
Procedure- Oriented Language:
A language designed to permit convenient specification, in time of procedural of algorithmic steps, of data processing or computational processors. examples include ALGOL, COBOL and FORTRAN.
Ram(Random Access Memory):
In Random Access Memory (RAM) the memory cells can be accessed for information transfer from any desired random location. That is, the process of locating a word in memory is the same and requires an equal amount of time no matter thus the name 'random access'.
VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration):
Design and production techniques to place thousands of electronic components within small integrated circuit chips to reduce their sizes and costs.
Important Links:
- Computer Knowledge Practice Paper for SBI PO 2014
- Reasoning Practice Paper for SBI PO 2014
- English Practice Paper for Bank Exams
0 comments: